一种通用型舰载防空硬武器火力优化算法?

针对当前武器优化分配算法缺少通用性，难以兼顾效率和时间的问题，提出了一种通用型舰载防空硬武器火力优化算法。该算法首先提取各舰载武器能够攻击的目标集合，然后对各武器的目标集合逐一进行时间分配，并计算对目标的毁伤概率，最终完成所有武器的分配。计算表明，该算法具有很好的通用性和实时性，可适用于较大规模舰载防空硬武器的火力优化分配问题。     

基于多方法协作优化方法的非壅塞式固体火箭冲压发动机导弹一体化优化设计

固体火箭冲压发动机和导弹性能相互之间紧密耦合。从导弹总体方案设计阶段引入一体化设计思想,能充分发挥和协调好固体火箭冲压发动机和导弹的性能,提高了导弹的总体设计水平。采用基于遗传算法、Powell法和模式搜索法的多方法协作优化方法进行了以非壅塞式固体火箭冲压发动机为动力的导弹总体一体化优化设计。算例表明,采用该多方法协作优化方法进行一体化优化设计,可以协调导弹的总体参数,提高导弹的总体性能。     

Traffic channeling under uncertain conversion rates on e-commerce platforms

Traffic is the lifeblood of every e-commerce platform. The question of how to channel traffic to merchants operating on a platform lies at the heart of platform management. We consider a platform on which two independent merchants sell their products. Merchants compete on inventory in the sense that some of the unmet demand at one merchant will spill over to the other. The platform channels traffic based on products' conversion rates to maximize the total sale on the platform. We show that traffic channeling plays three roles. First, it allows more efficient allocation of traffic; that is, the merchant with a high conversion rate is given a higher priority in receiving traffic. Second, it allows the platform to control demand spillover between the merchants to maximize total sales. The platform either facilitates or prevents demand spillover, depending on product substitutability. Third, traffic channeling intensifies competition between the merchants and hence increases the total inventory. More efficient allocation of traffic and the increase in inventory increase sales inequality between the merchants. In contrast, demand spillover decreases sales inequality. While the platform always benefits from traffic channeling, the merchants do not benefit when their products are moderately substitutable. Interestingly, when the two products are owned and sold by the same merchant, the opposite happens–traffic channeling always benefits the merchant but may hurt the platform. Our study provides a basis for informed discussions on how platforms should channel traffic in response to conversion rates, and how traffic channeling affects the welfare of merchants and platforms.     

高超声速滑翔式飞行器再入轨迹多目标多约束优化

轨迹优化是高超声速滑翔式飞行器关键技术之一.为避免间接法求解轨迹优化问题时对初值敏感以及伪谱法求解轨迹优化问题中难以处理航路点和禁飞区等问题,提出采用基于Akima插值多项式的直接法求解高超声速滑翔式飞行器再入轨迹优化问题.以驻点热流密度最小和到达目标点时间最小为优化目标,考虑了终端约束、航路点约束、禁飞区约束、动压约束、过载约束等约束条件.仿真结果表明:采用的插值方法可以减少插值过程中的控制变量越界问题;得到的Pareto前沿具有良好的分布性,在初步设计时能够给设计者较大的选择余地;和文献中的单目标优化结果相比,本文所采用的算法也具有较好的寻优能力.     

Inventory policies for a make‐to‐order system with a perishable component and fixed ordering cost

We consider a make‐to‐order production system where two major components, one nonperishable (referred to as part 1) and one perishable (part 2), are needed to fulfill a customer order. In each period, replenishment decisions for both parts need to be made jointly before demand is realized and a fixed ordering cost is incurred for the nonperishable part. We show that a simple (s_n,S,S) policy is optimal. Under this policy, S along with the number of backorders at the beginning of a period if any and the availability of the nonperishable part (part 1) determines the optimal order quantity of the perishable part (part 2), while (s_n,S) guide when and how much of part 1 to order at each state. Numerical study demonstrates that the benefits of using the joint replenishment policy can be substantial, especially when the unit costs are high and/or the profit margin is low. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

装备集群预防性维修计划的粒子群仿真优化

针对同类装备构成的集群预防性维修计划问题,综合考虑了装备的使用和维修过程,分析了装备动用与维修计划之间的相互关系,刻画了装备使用和维修的触发机制,提出了一个包含离散事件仿真和粒子群优化算法的混合模型,并描述了模型的结构和数学表示。该模型基于离散事件仿真对给定的预防性维修计划进行评估,并以该评估值为基础利用粒子群演化进行优化,从而通过多次迭代进化可逐步逼近可能的全局优化结果。由于模型中考虑了装备使用过程中的不确定性,并且粒子群优化可从任意初始值开始,因而可用作维修系统效能评估以及维修方案优化的决策工具。     

应用边界交叉法的高超声速滑翔飞行器多目标轨迹优化

针对高超声速滑翔飞行器复杂约束条件下多目标轨迹设计问题,基于边界交叉法和伪谱法提出多目标轨迹优化方法。分析高超声速滑翔飞行器复杂约束轨迹优化问题的特点,提出多目标轨迹优化问题。采用边界交叉法和伪谱法将多目标轨迹优化问题转化为一组单目标优化子问题,利用非线性规划算法分别求解。在优化过程中,将已求解子问题的解作为下一个子问题的初始值,求解最大横程和最小峰值热流轨迹优化问题。仿真结果表明:所提方法能够有效搜索到优化轨迹的Pareto前沿,可以为高超声速滑翔飞行器轨迹设计提供参考。     

装备保障人员优化配置方法研究

将装备保障人员按级别分为操作人员、维修人员及管理人员,结合人员进入、培训和退出的状态,构造了状态转移矩阵,求出了各级别人员数量。定义了不同级别针对不同任务的保障效率,按照保障人员完成最高效率任务构建了最优化配置模型。通过实例验证了模型的实用性。     

超音速等离子喷涂连续梯度热障涂层工艺优化研究

采用"双通道、双温区"超音速等离子喷涂工艺制备了Ce-YSZ/NiCoCrAlY连续梯度热障涂层(CG-TBCs)。借助热喷涂粒子状态在线监测系统Spraywatch-2i,分别研究了电弧功率、喷涂距离对Ce-YSZ/NiCoCrAlY粒子速度和温度的影响。实验结果表明,当电弧功率为70 kW和68 kW时,Ce-YSZ与NiCoCrAlY粒子速度达到最高,分别为620 m/s和430 m/s。Ce-YSZ和NiCoCrAlY粉末粒子的平均温度均随电弧功率的增加而上升,但当功率分别达到60 kW和65 kW时,粒子温度的上升趋势不再明显。电弧功率选择在68 kW,喷涂距离定为90 mm左右时,制备的CG-TBCs在经历100次热循环后,其表面和内部均未出现明显的裂纹,具有优异的热震性能。